Python也可以编写智能合约:从NEO开始
天道唯
发表于 2022-11-26 14:50:19
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环境搭建2 D6 F2 o* T/ I% R6 I9 m% q
基于macOS或Ubuntu,windows用户请自备虚拟机。
安装Docker及拉取镜像
macOS:
1.点我去下载,下载后安装并启动,启动成功后任务栏会有个Docker的图标,点击可以查看运行状态
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2.拉取私链镜像,打开终端执行% E; H, V. I- ~+ u
docker pull cityofzion/neo-privatenet
Tip:由于国内环境问题,docker镜像的拉取往往会非常慢,所以我们可以配置一些国内的镜像加速,如DaoCloud的Docker 加速器,免费注册一下,按照说明配置即可,非常简单和方便。8 y; y/ r/ ]* \( O9 U" o- z* O
3.运行Docker容器,执行5 e9 h) b. x0 {* X& ?1 U
Ubuntu:
1.安装Docker,执行/ o n) A/ U7 {0 ~, ^
sudo apt install docker.io% w+ Z7 Q9 ]7 Y3 _: E7 u
2.启动Docker,执行(安装成功后应该会默认已启动); [# ~/ }1 L) G1 r% T
sudo service docker start
3.拉取私有链网络镜像,执行
sudo docker pull cityofzion/neo-privatenet
4.运行docker容器,执行' A0 r$ X$ {' B4 \; ]/ O3 i m( Z% q t
sudo docker run --rm -d --name neo-privatenet -p 20333-20336:20333-20336/tcp -p 30333-30336:30333-30336/tcp cityofzion/neo-privatenet/ D1 }5 t: e7 \3 Z, J3 r
安装Python3和levelDB; O4 e4 r( e% p( t0 W5 `( c# B" O
macOS:
没有安装过Homebrew的请先执行下面的命令,已安装的忽略。1 Y! T) q2 M8 V$ i/ ^9 K
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
1.macOS是自带Python2的,我们需要安装Python3
brew install python34 f9 q" E% j; {+ v
2.安装levelDB/ ^4 s4 W3 I* K, k: ^$ [
brew install leveldb. B1 D- O" g. o' V5 ~; r
Ubuntu:0 w. a1 w; }% e0 v
简单粗暴的依次执行下面命令:
sudo apt install software-properties-common python-software-properties
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt update& ^7 I+ b& I1 c% i# @1 S& M
sudo apt install python3.6 python3.6-dev python3.6-venv python3-pip libleveldb-dev libssl-dev g++" t) T/ Z( F1 n! E6 K
Tip:因为NEO最低需要Python3.6的环境,Homebrew是会安装最新版本的Python,而apt-get源上直接install python3安装的是python3.5,所以这里我们指定的python3.6。
neo-python
从GitHub克隆neo-python项目" {9 B: m4 \( _; i
git clone https://github.com/CityOfZion/neo-python.git; p/ g1 {1 t- v: |' i _
创建并进入虚拟环境% Y. o# p6 n( b2 K- d8 L1 C0 W M- c
cd neo-python+ H: R7 e$ _! E# y7 I& i8 I" O
python3 -m venv venv # 创建虚拟环境,Ubuntu这里使用 python3.6 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate # 进入虚拟环境,退出虚拟环境使用命令 deactivate, p& z; D0 n& i. E+ Q& A
安装依赖包
pip install -r requirements.txt) G- c' r. a" s3 w' o
pip install -e .
启动连接到私有链网络,进入NEO cli命令行% l H! z/ ^# u" u5 v5 Z. u' n9 O% c z
np-prompt -p # 退出命令行 在命令行输入 quit a7 R! p/ o& Q- \* }1 W2 {- v
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出现如下界面进入了NEO命令行,那么恭喜你已经成功搭建好所有环境,如果你报错了,请接着往下看。+ M2 p4 \, c& q+ ?
np-prompt -p 可能出现的错误# H2 e% p7 ~2 Q& D
错误一
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Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/bin/np-prompt", line 11, in % g% D5 x, Q4 {7 {7 I; _
load_entry_point('neo-python', 'console_scripts', 'np-prompt')()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 480, in load_entry_point, X5 M# M) N% y4 [
return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)6 R0 W5 d& l. i* J6 i& K" @
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2693, in load_entry_point
return ep.load(); O0 S2 [( I, ?5 g. v( k m( Y
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2324, in load
return self.resolve()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2330, in resolve
module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)6 F: k) G* i x! }* x" S
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/bin/prompt.py", line 28, in
from neo.Implementations.Wallets.peewee.UserWallet import UserWallet9 ~( Y {* o6 u v3 r
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Implementations/Wallets/peewee/UserWallet.py", line 8, in
from neo.Wallets.Wallet import Wallet
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Wallets/Wallet.py", line 13, in
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Cipher/__init__.py", line 3, in
from Crypto.Cipher._mode_ecb import _create_ecb_cipher
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Cipher/_mode_ecb.py", line 29, in
from Crypto.Util._raw_api import (load_pycryptodome_raw_lib," P# J- [& D$ X) X8 j- V
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Util/_raw_api.py", line 32, in / G3 T- B* w; x
from Crypto.Util.py3compat import byte_string
ImportError: cannot import name 'byte_string'$ ?7 g0 S8 C) J; i% g2 F" Y
这是因为依赖包的版本问题,解决方案如下. g* h) b1 l2 m
# 卸载依赖包( l- _# ]% R" _ q
pip uninstall pycrypto
pip uninstall pycryptodemo2 A+ I2 K @4 ~( N9 a
# 重新安装依赖包1 R/ D* F* r- t# {+ p) J6 \% t" r) L; N- Y
pip install pycrypto
pip install pycryptodemo
pip install -e ./ r" `* {+ t$ D9 S
错误二& a! F) l% V* y, \9 ~% j. `6 p- g: ~
......
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/bin/np-prompt", line 11, in # K' S, [# l3 [' y$ L
load_entry_point('neo-python', 'console_scripts', 'np-prompt')()1 d! h( Z7 e3 u/ ~. ~
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/bin/prompt.py", line 1061, in main: Z! J+ H. U, v, J) E9 P2 d& H- F
settings.setup_privnet(args.privnet)
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Settings.py", line 228, in setup_privnet
self.check_privatenet()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Settings.py", line 314, in check_privatenet; V2 T& c# t% J7 l! f: p
version = client.get_version()$ v: l$ p8 @3 A5 q" w7 i3 ^6 H
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/neorpc/Client.py", line 283, in get_version
return self._call_endpoint(GET_VERSION, id=id, endpoint=endpoint)7 h- O W$ C( u% U% R
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/neorpc/Client.py", line 310, in _call_endpoint
raise NEORPCException("Could not call method %s with endpoint: %s : %s " % (method, endpoint.addr, e))
neorpc.Client.NEORPCException: Could not call method getversion with endpoint: http://127.0.0.1:30333 : HTTPConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=30333): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by NewConnectionError(': Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused',))$ X: b7 `5 w( |. g% t; n( m; s+ W
说明你没有启动docker容器并进行端口映射,请看第一部分安装Docker及拉取镜像
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