Python也可以编写智能合约:从NEO开始
天道唯
发表于 2022-11-26 14:50:19
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环境搭建" H$ T8 t/ A: i4 O6 F0 r. \" e" C
基于macOS或Ubuntu,windows用户请自备虚拟机。" B, d& x* h4 n' o0 \+ \& W7 o
安装Docker及拉取镜像9 L0 v1 j M, _* }: q! Q
macOS:
1.点我去下载,下载后安装并启动,启动成功后任务栏会有个Docker的图标,点击可以查看运行状态
2.拉取私链镜像,打开终端执行
docker pull cityofzion/neo-privatenet m8 D( F$ O( c
Tip:由于国内环境问题,docker镜像的拉取往往会非常慢,所以我们可以配置一些国内的镜像加速,如DaoCloud的Docker 加速器,免费注册一下,按照说明配置即可,非常简单和方便。- C4 f" M. n ]# e% S' P$ b
3.运行Docker容器,执行
Ubuntu:9 |) d% Q1 | p# ?! c2 B. P* |
1.安装Docker,执行: k- P$ u9 t0 K( d
sudo apt install docker.io' U; c7 h5 U1 R9 ?
2.启动Docker,执行(安装成功后应该会默认已启动)
sudo service docker start
3.拉取私有链网络镜像,执行# a9 @+ a5 U4 s
sudo docker pull cityofzion/neo-privatenet( c5 o8 _2 B) d3 V, g
4.运行docker容器,执行
sudo docker run --rm -d --name neo-privatenet -p 20333-20336:20333-20336/tcp -p 30333-30336:30333-30336/tcp cityofzion/neo-privatenet
安装Python3和levelDB
macOS:
没有安装过Homebrew的请先执行下面的命令,已安装的忽略。6 O3 E) e. ~. z3 V- G# u1 D
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"4 I. A" G; K4 g
1.macOS是自带Python2的,我们需要安装Python3- q3 I. X& q2 `) |9 _
brew install python3$ s! Y& K* J' Y; y* d9 P
2.安装levelDB3 Z9 K( { f4 M- V1 ]; l' O: D
brew install leveldb! ]: ^# h' k8 y+ V7 Y8 {
Ubuntu:
简单粗暴的依次执行下面命令: f! F1 Z: s9 }0 M
sudo apt install software-properties-common python-software-properties: f; x4 N8 U* E
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt update( p. c G1 f/ i& q) G
sudo apt install python3.6 python3.6-dev python3.6-venv python3-pip libleveldb-dev libssl-dev g++
Tip:因为NEO最低需要Python3.6的环境,Homebrew是会安装最新版本的Python,而apt-get源上直接install python3安装的是python3.5,所以这里我们指定的python3.6。
neo-python
从GitHub克隆neo-python项目5 J. m1 {3 s: y4 i- K7 @5 n1 l
git clone https://github.com/CityOfZion/neo-python.git, k& N0 S% @1 O: n
创建并进入虚拟环境4 m% j+ [- n. Y. z7 p4 a) V( r
cd neo-python
python3 -m venv venv # 创建虚拟环境,Ubuntu这里使用 python3.6 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate # 进入虚拟环境,退出虚拟环境使用命令 deactivate
安装依赖包
pip install -r requirements.txt
pip install -e .
启动连接到私有链网络,进入NEO cli命令行
np-prompt -p # 退出命令行 在命令行输入 quit
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出现如下界面进入了NEO命令行,那么恭喜你已经成功搭建好所有环境,如果你报错了,请接着往下看。/ t" a/ r; n. r* Q7 z
np-prompt -p 可能出现的错误
错误一+ D! m' ?3 {2 w) a5 `- {, B
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Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/bin/np-prompt", line 11, in " @ [+ k8 e+ g% k o8 U
load_entry_point('neo-python', 'console_scripts', 'np-prompt')()$ h/ M% j$ V. N W2 b7 ~
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 480, in load_entry_point
return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)* _9 C* _$ \' E. f1 ^5 w# u' S! g
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2693, in load_entry_point
return ep.load()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2324, in load
return self.resolve() R2 o; |9 s6 k
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2330, in resolve
module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)$ B; P. |! _9 l
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/bin/prompt.py", line 28, in ( ^4 V6 i \8 H$ `3 g9 v
from neo.Implementations.Wallets.peewee.UserWallet import UserWallet) \, A' O8 ?8 z u
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Implementations/Wallets/peewee/UserWallet.py", line 8, in - { y' f1 H+ Y& Q& Q# O" E
from neo.Wallets.Wallet import Wallet/ K2 a3 y% r" h, x$ N3 i
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Wallets/Wallet.py", line 13, in 9 c; c( F7 M0 L4 x% }9 }. H# J
from Crypto.Cipher import AES J, _- Y% a9 e+ J
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Cipher/__init__.py", line 3, in
from Crypto.Cipher._mode_ecb import _create_ecb_cipher K+ R- f9 X6 S: A* k3 J
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Cipher/_mode_ecb.py", line 29, in " m/ C) v2 d. E3 t
from Crypto.Util._raw_api import (load_pycryptodome_raw_lib,; i( D( M& g# C5 b
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Util/_raw_api.py", line 32, in
from Crypto.Util.py3compat import byte_string9 s5 y& \% p9 L" h
ImportError: cannot import name 'byte_string'
这是因为依赖包的版本问题,解决方案如下1 E/ _# E+ u: }) h& b$ J
# 卸载依赖包
pip uninstall pycrypto
pip uninstall pycryptodemo6 X9 B2 | n5 M# E4 p# m
# 重新安装依赖包+ S `1 s$ i' g$ v+ j1 \; p$ n
pip install pycrypto
pip install pycryptodemo
pip install -e .
错误二; t5 A! m! m f. A
......
Traceback (most recent call last):$ v0 x& z3 C, U8 Q9 O" z9 ^
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/bin/np-prompt", line 11, in ' X- Y# |5 ]/ w& G0 p
load_entry_point('neo-python', 'console_scripts', 'np-prompt')()9 e4 A- g& }9 o, C. W
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/bin/prompt.py", line 1061, in main
settings.setup_privnet(args.privnet), p9 j, N+ N0 G
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Settings.py", line 228, in setup_privnet6 ~8 D% ]* M, ^" n5 P) @$ M
self.check_privatenet()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Settings.py", line 314, in check_privatenet" v# I. y& H' p, z2 q
version = client.get_version()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/neorpc/Client.py", line 283, in get_version
return self._call_endpoint(GET_VERSION, id=id, endpoint=endpoint)
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/neorpc/Client.py", line 310, in _call_endpoint
raise NEORPCException("Could not call method %s with endpoint: %s : %s " % (method, endpoint.addr, e))
neorpc.Client.NEORPCException: Could not call method getversion with endpoint: http://127.0.0.1:30333 : HTTPConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=30333): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by NewConnectionError(': Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused',))6 E6 |# h) B: [2 z6 Q
说明你没有启动docker容器并进行端口映射,请看第一部分安装Docker及拉取镜像
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