阿里云上的虚拟机玩转Neo私链 - 区块链技术 - BitMere

配置虚拟机
NEO 私有链的部署至少需要 4 台服务器才能取得共识，每台服务器对应一个共识节点。在阿里云上可以买按量付费的虚拟机（机器都是window server）。
记录下四台机器的内网IP地址，后面要用。
172.xxx.xxx.142
端口
如果你想让外部程序访问该节点的 API 需要开放防火墙端口：10331-10334, 20331-20334
阿里云的vpc如果在一个安全组内就不需要设置。也可以通过安全组开放所有入口。

阿里云安全组
安装运行时
运行环境

运行 NEO 节点需要安装 .NET Core Runtime，需要安装 1.0.1 或以上版本
Windows 系统下的安装方法

在 Windows 系统下安装 .NET Core 非常方便，直接下载运行即可。
NOTE
Windows可能还需要安装Microsoft Visual C++ 2015 Redistributable Update 3（https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=53840) ，否则后面无法启动Neo-CLI。
创建钱包
在四台机器上分别创建钱包数据库，数据库文件会默认生成在neo-cli的目录下面
create wallet wallet.json
db3后缀名的数据库文件不支持了

neo1
neo> create wallet wallet.db3
Wallet files in db3 format are not supported, please use a .json file extension.
neo> create wallet wallet.json
password: ********
password: ********
address: AS43TUy7VtuGpNJh2YC2NM3asTv3s6piyk
pubkey: 02d57c9bbc42b45943867dff0180cb9df266b46db7d027a283eabc7c4b8819c86c
记录下另外几台机器的钱包公钥
neo2
address: AY35ZjJayg9JfmCeHg1nySN4LSMntFEq2h
pubkey: 035022ce81faca930ebe6b9f8e830526150e47692f19f58affe1311e42cd0d43bb
neo3
address: AQZNtdGVXbfot5fSaR4ijBqrEwbnFQspmH
pubkey: 029f21d56f9422e55f0ef7cf75c092854e01c99aeee73f0effeaa489a96fc7d2b1
neo4
address: AXctyT8ctWTXtWaUFM9o5FJas8BWdBbiqe
pubkey: 02dc0e750e21c386537618079d89836eea39fad396206e2e56cfba16bdc014dc5d
修改节点的配置文件
{
  "ProtocolConfiguration": {
"Magic": 1,
"AddressVersion": 23,
"StandbyValidators": [
   "02d57c9bbc42b45943867dff0180cb9df266b46db7d027a283eabc7c4b8819c86c",
   "035022ce81faca930ebe6b9f8e830526150e47692f19f58affe1311e42cd0d43bb",
   "029f21d56f9422e55f0ef7cf75c092854e01c99aeee73f0effeaa489a96fc7d2b1",
   "02dc0e750e21c386537618079d89836eea39fad396206e2e56cfba16bdc014dc5d"
],
"SeedList": [
   "172.24.198.142:10333",
   "172.24.198.141:10333",
   "172.24.198.140:10333",
   "172.24.198.139:10333"
],
"SystemFee": {
   "EnrollmentTransaction": 0,
   "IssueTransaction": 0,
   "PublishTransaction": 0,
   "RegisterTransaction": 0
}
  }
}
打开钱包，开启共识
open wallet wallet.json start consensus
如果前面打开过cli，请删除chain目录下的文件，这样区块链高度会从1开始。

截取其中一个打印，后面方便调试的时候研究
neo> open wallet wallet.json
password: ********
neo> start consensus
[18:04:31] OnStart
[18:04:31] initialize: height=1 view=0 index=0 role=Backup
[18:04:47] OnChangeViewReceived: height=1 view=0 index=2 nv=2
[18:05:01] timeout: height=1 view=0 state=Backup
[18:05:01] request change view: height=1 view=0 nv=1 state=Backup, ViewChanging
[18:05:58] OnPrepareRequestReceived: height=1 view=0 index=1 tx=1
[18:05:58] send perpare response
[18:06:01] OnPrepareResponseReceived: height=1 view=0 index=2
[18:06:01] relay block: 0x8515184285fa2e454b0eca441580b5cce01cc0e5cb5dd6d7ff53ef13ec7f665e
[18:06:01] persist block: 0x8515184285fa2e454b0eca441580b5cce01cc0e5cb5dd6d7ff53ef13ec7f665e
[18:06:01] initialize: height=2 view=0 index=0 role=Backup
[18:06:16] OnPrepareRequestReceived: height=2 view=0 index=2 tx=1
[18:06:16] send perpare response
[18:06:19] OnPrepareResponseReceived: height=2 view=0 index=1
[18:06:19] relay block: 0x35b163f4f524a1ebcc1ef3053e878f9bb37b1f4a8531a060ef18cfd6efefdf45
[18:06:19] persist block: 0x35b163f4f524a1ebcc1ef3053e878f9bb37b1f4a8531a060ef18cfd6efefdf45
[18:06:19] initialize: height=3 view=0 index=0 role=Backup
[18:06:49] timeout: height=3 view=0 state=Backup
[18:06:49] request change view: height=3 view=0 nv=1 state=Backup, ViewChanging
[18:06:49] OnChangeViewReceived: height=3 view=0 index=1 nv=1
[18:06:53] OnChangeViewReceived: height=3 view=0 index=2 nv=1
[18:06:53] initialize: height=3 view=1 index=0 role=Backup
[18:06:55] OnPrepareRequestReceived: height=3 view=1 index=2 tx=1
[18:06:55] send perpare response
[18:06:55] OnPrepareResponseReceived: height=3 view=1 index=1
[18:06:55] relay block: 0x1766a0602903f513f76561c93fddf312f70d30801310abfecacc89feace5c412
[18:06:55] persist block: 0x1766a0602903f513f76561c93fddf312f70d30801310abfecacc89feace5c412
[18:06:55] initialize: height=4 view=0 index=0 role=Primary
[18:07:10] timeout: height=4 view=0 state=Primary
[18:07:10] send perpare request: height=4 view=0
[18:07:13] OnPrepareResponseReceived: height=4 view=0 index=3
[18:07:13] OnPrepareResponseReceived: height=4 view=0 index=2
[18:07:13] relay block: 0x5233d9086db97e59f86d73e8735093c1b3fe4569759697ff8a04e0eb8f389091
[18:07:13] persist block: 0x5233d9086db97e59f86d73e8735093c1b3fe4569759697ff8a04e0eb8f389091
[18:07:13] initialize: height=5 view=0 index=0 role=Backup

提取Neo
原来文章中有提取neo和gas的方法，但是我现在还不知道为什么要提取Neo，有什么意义，先跟着文档跑着看看。我用的window server会遇到crash，详情请看https://github.com/neo-project/neo-gui/issues/171
希望Neo社区的大牛能解决一下这个问题。
一天后，社区给出的解决方案https://github.com/neo-project/neo-gui/issues/171，需要下载两个包
结论
虽然配置成功了，但是还不知道能干吗，需要进一步研究。提取Neo也遇到崩溃的情况，发现这个问题，也算做贡献了。