Python也可以编写智能合约:从NEO开始
天道唯
发表于 2022-11-26 14:50:19
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环境搭建5 {+ c; p2 y9 v; r; Z8 R, d
基于macOS或Ubuntu,windows用户请自备虚拟机。( N" A! D. k/ C) B \' p6 V8 R
安装Docker及拉取镜像" _' d* I3 ?+ \6 S& @ O2 E
macOS:
1.点我去下载,下载后安装并启动,启动成功后任务栏会有个Docker的图标,点击可以查看运行状态
2.拉取私链镜像,打开终端执行 ?) D7 I: s- v4 }. O) H+ o; z: w3 r
docker pull cityofzion/neo-privatenet0 H& [7 k; \) |0 s, G0 c' p4 }
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Tip:由于国内环境问题,docker镜像的拉取往往会非常慢,所以我们可以配置一些国内的镜像加速,如DaoCloud的Docker 加速器,免费注册一下,按照说明配置即可,非常简单和方便。
3.运行Docker容器,执行
Ubuntu:
1.安装Docker,执行
sudo apt install docker.io
2.启动Docker,执行(安装成功后应该会默认已启动)
sudo service docker start- C) p4 N$ @% }+ K' w( a
3.拉取私有链网络镜像,执行
sudo docker pull cityofzion/neo-privatenet4 b, l, G& w) L! b+ E0 E% q" e1 S
4.运行docker容器,执行
sudo docker run --rm -d --name neo-privatenet -p 20333-20336:20333-20336/tcp -p 30333-30336:30333-30336/tcp cityofzion/neo-privatenet
安装Python3和levelDB4 J/ N/ H* m! E' X' B: _% Z9 a% O
macOS:8 H1 Y: w% t1 l5 U" I) \5 X4 `
没有安装过Homebrew的请先执行下面的命令,已安装的忽略。
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
1.macOS是自带Python2的,我们需要安装Python30 K F; n+ {9 C) S! H9 G |: d
brew install python3
2.安装levelDB, v' ~) F. C% v
brew install leveldb8 p% ~* {$ ]+ I9 J
Ubuntu:: U2 K& r4 @* W$ o- G' m" T1 |
简单粗暴的依次执行下面命令:& t& b F8 b5 C+ |
sudo apt install software-properties-common python-software-properties
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3.6 python3.6-dev python3.6-venv python3-pip libleveldb-dev libssl-dev g++
Tip:因为NEO最低需要Python3.6的环境,Homebrew是会安装最新版本的Python,而apt-get源上直接install python3安装的是python3.5,所以这里我们指定的python3.6。7 S& B7 J0 E! S' U1 T8 p( n$ u
neo-python
从GitHub克隆neo-python项目
git clone https://github.com/CityOfZion/neo-python.git
创建并进入虚拟环境
cd neo-python" }9 ]/ _3 \. W6 A
python3 -m venv venv # 创建虚拟环境,Ubuntu这里使用 python3.6 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate # 进入虚拟环境,退出虚拟环境使用命令 deactivate# j# H, f+ v. I7 K
安装依赖包
pip install -r requirements.txt; q+ q( {* @+ p5 G% e
pip install -e .6 F6 [8 E) g8 v/ @/ l
启动连接到私有链网络,进入NEO cli命令行
np-prompt -p # 退出命令行 在命令行输入 quit
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出现如下界面进入了NEO命令行,那么恭喜你已经成功搭建好所有环境,如果你报错了,请接着往下看。
np-prompt -p 可能出现的错误" B( k0 L2 f" v \
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Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/bin/np-prompt", line 11, in
load_entry_point('neo-python', 'console_scripts', 'np-prompt')()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 480, in load_entry_point; k( Z: T. Z+ @4 l5 ^
return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2693, in load_entry_point
return ep.load()+ j7 t0 d9 n" S% G" h0 u! h9 a+ K
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2324, in load6 B1 v9 X: n# \, z2 I9 d+ y/ @
return self.resolve()/ c/ p% y5 J" Y6 T8 \. V
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2330, in resolve8 U( E1 f% o# R! D8 b: U( t% M
module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0): I7 r* v" T( P5 |2 D7 K: ?
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/bin/prompt.py", line 28, in
from neo.Implementations.Wallets.peewee.UserWallet import UserWallet
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Implementations/Wallets/peewee/UserWallet.py", line 8, in ) M) ^2 W! U) Y. P! d# H& L* x
from neo.Wallets.Wallet import Wallet' f. L0 R! c* z9 H
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Wallets/Wallet.py", line 13, in
from Crypto.Cipher import AES% P. k: M0 p$ O
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Cipher/__init__.py", line 3, in
from Crypto.Cipher._mode_ecb import _create_ecb_cipher3 Y; X2 `' k9 z; V) x
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Cipher/_mode_ecb.py", line 29, in
from Crypto.Util._raw_api import (load_pycryptodome_raw_lib,
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/Crypto/Util/_raw_api.py", line 32, in - h; b$ E8 A0 c- n! P# W( t
from Crypto.Util.py3compat import byte_string! }+ h: V3 q7 c8 F
ImportError: cannot import name 'byte_string'9 o7 N& K* J. t" D. ]
这是因为依赖包的版本问题,解决方案如下! O0 `* X: v5 V2 }( |( Z
# 卸载依赖包7 m- \& V A8 u- r: z4 Q# J
pip uninstall pycrypto% w5 `& ]( z) ^7 k; M
pip uninstall pycryptodemo
# 重新安装依赖包+ `4 l: _8 b3 | Q
pip install pycrypto
pip install pycryptodemo
pip install -e .2 F' }/ `8 ]9 ]/ |. O8 h2 [5 n
错误二
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Traceback (most recent call last):( v& l3 m$ E5 m- W! x, |
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/bin/np-prompt", line 11, in + v# }/ W8 M0 L! R
load_entry_point('neo-python', 'console_scripts', 'np-prompt')()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/bin/prompt.py", line 1061, in main" f7 E! ^2 [* T; R; R& k( a! m
settings.setup_privnet(args.privnet)
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Settings.py", line 228, in setup_privnet
self.check_privatenet()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/neo/Settings.py", line 314, in check_privatenet
version = client.get_version()
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/neorpc/Client.py", line 283, in get_version
return self._call_endpoint(GET_VERSION, id=id, endpoint=endpoint)
File "/home/parallels/Code/neosc/neo-python/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/neorpc/Client.py", line 310, in _call_endpoint! X) \; c. m+ \7 _
raise NEORPCException("Could not call method %s with endpoint: %s : %s " % (method, endpoint.addr, e))
neorpc.Client.NEORPCException: Could not call method getversion with endpoint: http://127.0.0.1:30333 : HTTPConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=30333): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by NewConnectionError(': Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused',))5 g$ ~" }3 J: t0 u* W! |" c
说明你没有启动docker容器并进行端口映射,请看第一部分安装Docker及拉取镜像
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